Equity & Ownership

   |    By: Ryan RutanCMO    |    Tags: Equity & Ownership, Cap Table, Featured, Cap Table Software, Dilution, Pre-money vs Post-money Valuation, Authorized Shares, Issued Shares, Outstanding Shares, Fully Diluted Shares, Treasury Stock, Common Stock, Preferred Stock, Preferred vs Common Stock, Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Phantom Equity, Profits Interests, Founders Stock, Founder Shares, Startup Equity, Stock Option, Incentive Stock Option, Non-Qualified Stock Option, Option Grant, Option Exercise, Option Strike Price, Cashless Exercise, Early Exercise, Post Termination Exercise Window, Option Modification, Option Pool, Option Pool Refresh, Option Pool Shuffle, Employee Stock Purchase Plan, Equity Incentive Plan, Vesting, Vesting Cliff, Reverse Vesting, Vesting Acceleration, Single Trigger Acceleration, Double Trigger Acceleration, Repurchase Rights, Transfer Restrictions, Consent Rights, Founder Clawback, Anti-Dilution Provisions, Broad-Based Weighted-Average, Weighted-Average Anti-Dilution, Full-Ratchet Anti-Dilution, Liquidation Preference, Participating Preferred, Non-Participating Preferred, Protective Provisions, Supermajority Vote, Voting Rights, Preemptive Rights, Pro Rata Rights, Registration Rights, Demand Registration, Piggyback Registration, S 3 Registration, SAFE, Convertible Note, Valuation Cap, Warrant, 83(b) Election, Early Exercise Tax, ISO AMT Implications, Equity Compensation Tax Planning, Section 1045 Rollover, Spousal Consent, International Equity Grants, Certificate Of Incorporation, Stock Purchase Agreement, Equity Grant Policy, Equity Administration, Stock Split, Reverse Stock Split, Share Buyback, Catch Up Distribution, 409A Valuation

Equity & Ownership

The structural mechanics of who owns what. This cluster covers cap tables, stock classes (common, preferred, restricted), options (ISO, NSO, exercise mechanics), vesting and acceleration, anti-dilution provisions, preferred stock terms (preferences, ratchets, protective provisions), SAFEs and warrants, equity tax planning (83b, QSBS, AMT), and the administrative infrastructure (cap-table software, equity admin) that keeps it all clean. 80 entries.

This is the most consequential cluster for founder economics. The decisions here echo across every future round and exit.

Cap tables and ownership math

Stock classes

Stock options

Vesting

Anti-dilution and preferred terms

Registration rights

SAFEs, notes, and other instruments

Equity tax planning

Corporate-level mechanics

409A and valuations


About the Author

Ryan Rutan

Founding Partner @ Startups.com platform | Clarity.fm, Launchrock, Fundable, Zirtual, and Co-Host of The Startup Therapy Podcast. Ryan has 15 years of experience as a Founder, Advisor, Mentor, and Investor — the quintessential startup guerrilla. He works with 100's of the best startups every year on everything from ideation, idea validation, early marketing traction, customer acquisition to fundraising, scaling, and operations.

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