We can’t directly access another person’s subjective experience, but science compares them through self-reports, behavior, and brain activity. When people describe similar feelings under the same conditions and show consistent neural patterns (e.g., in pain or color perception), we infer a shared psychological reality. While the exact “what it feels like” (qualia) remains private and is the philosophical hard problem of consciousness, psychology and neuroscience make it scientifically testable by correlating subjective reports with objective measures.